It offers a new opportunity for fabrication of grating with single-order diffraction and measurement of spectrum without contamination of high-order harmonic components. Grating designed by this idea can not only suppress higher order diffraction by several orders of magnitude as sinusoidal amplitude grating does but also greatly reduce the fabrication difficulty to the level of processing for traditional grating. Here, we propose a novel idea to design a grating based on trapezoidal transmission function, which makes traditional grating a special case. Single-order diffraction can be achieved by sinusoidal amplitude transmission grating, but the fabrication is difficult. Traditionally, it has a square-wave transmission function, suffering from high-order diffraction contamination.
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